List of bend stiffness reduction and stress intensification factors (Output Table)

Data description/Result options:

FROM:

Identification of first node of a bend region with constant factors 1

TO:

Identification of last node of a bend region with constant factors 1

(In general FROM and TO will be the identifications of the first and last node of a bend.)

1 In case no identification is available the actual node number will be reported.

RADIUS:

Bend radius at the region

(In case of a mitre bend this radius is the equivalent bend radius on which the calculations are based.)

DOUT:

Outer pipe diameter at the region

WALL:

Wall thickness of the pipe at the region

(Nominal value in NEN3650, BELGIAN LAW and ASME B31.8 options, nominal value minus corrosion allowance in GENERAL option.)

PRESS:

Internal pressure at the region

(All above geometric and loading data are constants over the region)

KLG:

Initial horizontal soil stiffness

(Only applied and reported if Soil Ring-Stiffening option is applied. KLG = KLH or (KLS+KLT)/2 whichever has the lowest value, without application of uncertainty factors.)

K:

Bend stiffness multiplication factor

(K= Bending stiffness BEND element/Bending stiffness PIPE element. K is the initial value at start of the iteration process. If Soil Ring-Stiffening option is applied, the value of K is influenced by the soil stiffness KLG.)

SIX:

Maximum stress intensification factor in axial direction

(Maximum multiplication factor for longitudinal bending stresses.)

SIF:

Maximum stress intensification factor in circumferential direction

(Maximum multiplication factor for circumferential bending stresses)

L1:

Tangent length of a mitre bend

(As defined in the picture below)

R/r:

Radius ratio

(The 'R' is the mitre kink radius, not the geometric radius)

 

 

The number of rows is the number of bends in the pipeline (or more if one or more parameters are not constant in a bend).

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H500571, last changed: 2009-07-28

See also:

Table description

Table error description