List of detailed radial deformations of pipe wall over the circumference of the cross-section (Output Table)

Data description/Result options:

ANGLE:

Location at circumference where calculations have been performed

(Measured in positive sense around x-axis from y-axis.)

W-GROUND:

Deformation of pipe wall due to lateral soil reactions

W-BEND:

Radial deformation of pipe wall due to ovalisation of bend caused by bending moment

(Undefined if ELEM is not a bend element)

W+WD/D:

Change of diameter (in %) due to loads on cross-section

(The outer diameter is used.)

W-TOTAL:

Detailed total radial deformation of pipe wall due to all loads on cross-section

R-IND:

Unit deformation indicator

(See below for more information.)

RG/KLG:

Elastic impression of the soil at 50 % of 'horizontal' bearing capacity ¹

(RG is 50 % of RH or (RVS+RVT)/2 whichever has the lowest value,
KLG is KLH or (KLS+KLT)/2 whichever has the lowest value.)

KLG:

'horizontal' bedding constant (soil stiffness) ¹

(KLG = KLH or (KLS+KLT)/2 as long as W-TOTAL is less than or equal to RG/KLG. If W-TOTAL > RG/KLG, KLG decreases. KLG is a bilinear soil spring.)

AX_BUCKL:

Detailed axial buckling strain as a percentage of the critical one

EXT_PRESS:

Detailed percentage of critical strain due to external pressure

 


¹ These quantities are reported only if the Soil Ring-Stiffening Option is Applied. The bilinear soil spring KLG is attached to those points of the cross-section which move to the outside due to the ovalisation. The average soil parameters are taken, so without uncertainty factors. The maximum soil resistance (RG) taken into account is 50 % of the lowest bearing capacity. If RVT = 0, no horizontal soil support springs will be applied.

Description of unit diametrical deformation classes

The unit deformation indicator R-IND refers to the relation: diametrical deformation / outer pipe diameter (W+WD/D) and provides a quick overview on the occurring deformation class:

blank:

diametrical deformation < 6% of outer pipe diameter

*:

diametrical deformation ≥ 6% and < 9% of outer pipe diameter

**:

diametrical deformation ≥ 9% and < 12% of outer pipe diameter

***:

diametrical deformation ≥ 12% and < 15% of outer pipe diameter

EXCESS:

diametrical deformation ≥ 15% of outer pipe diameter

H630551, last changed: 2007-10-19

See also:

Table description

Table error description